Who is a Manager?
Managers play a vital role in society—they pull together resources to get important things
accomplished.
A manager is a person responsible for the work performance of group members. He or she has the formal authority to commit organizational resources. Management is the process
of using organizational resources to achieve organizational objectives through the functions of planning, organizing and staffing, leading, and controlling.
A. Levels of Management Managerial
Jobs are typically divided into three levels:
1. Top-Level Manager
Top-level managers, or executives, are empowered to make major decisions affecting the present and future of the firm. C-level manager
is a recent term to describe top-level managers because they usually have chief in their title. About one percent of jobs in organizations are truly executive positions.
2. Middle-Level Managers
The layer between top- and first-level managers. Much of their work involves the coordination of work, and the dissemination of information. Middle-management jobs have declined in numbers
as many organizations have downsized but they still play a major role in operating an organization.
3. First-Level Managers
Managers who supervise operatives are referred to as first level managers or supervisors. Supervisory jobs have been upgraded in many organizations, as a result of reducing the number of layers of management. The current emphasis on productivity and cost control has also upgraded the supervisory role.
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